Electric Potential is all based on movement of charge. So when there is movement how it can be electrostatic


Shikhar Agarwal

▪️Electric Potential is all based on movement of charge. So when there is movement how it can be electrostatic

1. When the charge is in rest:

The concept of electric potential is used to express the effect of an electric field of a source in terms of the location within the electric field.

A test charge with twice the quantity of charge would possess twice the potential energy at a given location; yet its electric potential at that location would be the same as any other test charge.

A positive test charge would be at a high electric potential when held close to a positive source charge and at a lower electric potential when held further away.

In this sense, electric potential becomes simply a property of the location within an electric field.

Suppose that the electric potential at a given location is 12 Joules per coulomb, then that is the electric potential of a 1 coulomb or a 2 coulomb charged object. Stating that the electric potential at a given location is 12 Joules per coulomb, would mean that a 2 coulomb object would possess 24 Joules of potential energy at that location and a 0.5 coulomb object would experience 6 Joules of potential energy at the location.

Conclusion: Here The concept of electric potential is used to express the effect of an electric field of a source in terms of the location within the electric field.

Electric potential is to express the effect of electric field at that point.

2. When the charge is in motion:

When there is movement of charge, the system is no longer in an electrostatic state, and the behavior of the charges is governed by the laws of electromagnetism rather than electrostatics.

In the case of moving charges, we need to take into account the effects of the magnetic field, which can exert a force on the moving charges.

In such cases, electric potential can still be used to describe the energy of the system, even though the charges are in motion.

Ofcourse moving charges cannot create a potential rather potential difference is required here to move the charge.

The flow of charge is called electric current. It needs a potential difference to push the charge.

▪️In a nutshell,

Electric potential is not solely based on the movement of charge, but also on the distribution of charge and the distance between charges.

Even in the absence of movement, there can be an electric potential difference between two points in a system due to the distribution of charges.

However, when there is movement of charge, such as in an electric current, the electric potential difference can cause the movement of charges. This movement of charges is not electrostatic, but rather dynamic and results in a flow of electricity.

▪️In summary:

Electric potential can exist even in the absence of movement of charge, but movement of charge can be driven by electric potential differences.

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